Install gphoto2 to be able to connect cameras and android phones. gphoto2 is just one way to get photos from android phones.
gphoto2 --list-cameras, gphoto2 --list-cameras | less or gphoto2 --list-cameras | grep -i galaxy
http://www.gphoto.org/proj/libgphoto2/support.php is the list of supported cameras is:
gphoto2 --auto-detect should return the connected phone
If more than one camera is attached then the camera option can be set to select one gphoto2 --camera "Samsung Galaxy models (MTP)"
gphoto2 --abilities shows what can be done
Mtp devices might be automatically mounted by the system so make sure they are not mounted when using gphoto2
If supported gphoto2 --capture-image captures a image to the camera and gphoto2 --capture-image-and-download captures and downloads a image to the PC.
gphoto2 --list-folders lists the folders, on a smart phone the will be a lot of them
There is a front-end for it: gtkam or gphotofs to mount the camera as file-system